📡 חיישנים למיקרו-בקרים

#include <DHT.h>

#define DHT_PIN   4
#define DHT_MODEL DHT22

DHT dht(DHT_PIN, DHT_MODEL);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  dht.begin();
}

void loop() {
  delay(2000);                       // the sensor answers once per 2 s
  float t = dht.readTemperature();   // Celsius
  float h = dht.readHumidity();      // %RH

  if (isnan(t) || isnan(h)) {        // checksum failed - drop the sample
    Serial.println("read failed");
    return;
  }
  Serial.print(t); Serial.print(" C   ");
  Serial.print(h); Serial.println(" %");
}

const int PIN_LM35 = 34;           // ADC1 only - ADC2 dies when WiFi is on

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  analogReadResolution(12);        // 0 .. 4095
}

void loop() {
  long sum = 0;                    // one sample shakes - average 16
  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { sum += analogRead(PIN_LM35); delay(2); }

  float volts   = (sum / 16.0) * 3.3 / 4095.0;
  float celsius = volts * 100.0;   // 10 mV per degree

  Serial.println(celsius, 1);
  delay(500);
}

const int PIN_LM35 = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);              // Uno: 10 bit, 5 V reference
}

void loop() {
  long sum = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < 16; i++) { sum += analogRead(PIN_LM35); delay(2); }

  float volts   = (sum / 16.0) * 5.0 / 1023.0;
  float celsius = volts * 100.0;

  Serial.println(celsius, 1);
  delay(500);
}

#include <OneWire.h>
#include <DallasTemperature.h>

const int PIN_BUS = 4;             // one wire, many sensors

OneWire bus(PIN_BUS);
DallasTemperature probes(&bus);

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  probes.begin();
  probes.setResolution(12);        // 12 bit -> 0.0625 C, ~750 ms
  Serial.print("found: ");
  Serial.println(probes.getDeviceCount());
}

void loop() {
  probes.requestTemperatures();    // ask every probe at once

  for (int i = 0; i < probes.getDeviceCount(); i++) {
    float c = probes.getTempCByIndex(i);
    if (c == DEVICE_DISCONNECTED_C) continue;
    Serial.print(i); Serial.print(": "); Serial.println(c);
  }
  delay(1000);
}

const int   PIN_LDR = 35;          // ADC1
const float VCC     = 3.3;
const float R_FIX   = 10000.0;     // to ground

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  analogReadResolution(12);
}

void loop() {
  int   raw = analogRead(PIN_LDR);
  float v   = raw * VCC / 4095.0;
  if (v < 0.01) v = 0.01;          // never divide by a dark zero

  float r_ldr = R_FIX * (VCC - v) / v;

  Serial.print(raw);  Serial.print("  ");
  Serial.print(v, 2); Serial.print(" V  ");
  Serial.print(r_ldr / 1000.0, 1); Serial.println(" kOhm");
  delay(200);
}

const int   PIN_LDR = A0;
const float VCC     = 5.0;
const float R_FIX   = 10000.0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);              // Uno: 10 bit -> 0 .. 1023
}

void loop() {
  int   raw = analogRead(PIN_LDR);
  float v   = raw * VCC / 1023.0;
  if (v < 0.01) v = 0.01;

  float r_ldr = R_FIX * (VCC - v) / v;

  Serial.print(raw); Serial.print("  ");
  Serial.print(r_ldr / 1000.0, 1); Serial.println(" kOhm");
  delay(200);
}

const int PIN_TRIG = 5;
const int PIN_ECHO = 18;           // ESP32: through a 1k/2k divider

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(PIN_TRIG, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(PIN_ECHO, INPUT);
}

void loop() {
  digitalWrite(PIN_TRIG, LOW);  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(PIN_TRIG, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(10);   // the burst
  digitalWrite(PIN_TRIG, LOW);

  unsigned long us = pulseIn(PIN_ECHO, HIGH, 30000UL);   // give up after 30 ms

  if (us == 0) {                   // nothing came back - out of range
    Serial.println("no echo");
  } else {
    Serial.print(us / 58.0, 1);    // 29 us per cm, there and back
    Serial.println(" cm");
  }
  delay(100);                      // let the echo die before asking again
}

const int PIN_PIR = 27;
const int PIN_LED = 2;

int  last  = LOW;
unsigned long tWarm = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(PIN_PIR, INPUT);
  pinMode(PIN_LED, OUTPUT);
  tWarm = millis();                // the sensor is blind for ~60 s
}

void loop() {
  if (millis() - tWarm < 60000UL) return;   // ignore the warm-up window

  int now = digitalRead(PIN_PIR);
  digitalWrite(PIN_LED, now);

  if (now != last) {               // report edges, not levels
    Serial.println(now == HIGH ? "motion" : "clear");
    last = now;
  }
  delay(50);
}

const int PIN_POT = 32;            // ADC1 - safe next to WiFi

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  analogReadResolution(12);        // 0 .. 4095
}

void loop() {
  int raw = analogRead(PIN_POT);
  int pct = map(raw, 0, 4095, 0, 100);

  Serial.print(raw); Serial.print("   ");
  Serial.print(pct); Serial.println(" %");
  delay(150);
}

const int PIN_POT = A0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);              // Uno: 0 .. 1023
}

void loop() {
  int raw = analogRead(PIN_POT);
  int pct = map(raw, 0, 1023, 0, 100);

  Serial.print(raw); Serial.print("   ");
  Serial.print(pct); Serial.println(" %");
  delay(150);
}

const int PIN_BTN = 15;
const unsigned long SETTLE = 25;   // ms - longer than the bounce

int  stable = HIGH, seen = HIGH;
unsigned long tEdge = 0;
long presses = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(PIN_BTN, INPUT_PULLUP);  // idle HIGH, pressed LOW
}

void loop() {
  int now = digitalRead(PIN_BTN);

  if (now != seen) {               // the contact just moved
    seen  = now;
    tEdge = millis();
  }

  if (millis() - tEdge > SETTLE && now != stable) {
    stable = now;                  // it held still long enough - believe it
    if (stable == LOW) {
      presses++;
      Serial.println(presses);
    }
  }
}

const int   PIN_ACS = 34;          // ADC1, behind a 1:2 divider
const float VREF    = 3.3;
const float DIVIDER = 2.0;         // what the divider took away
const float SENS    = 0.185;       // V per A - the 5 A part

float vZero = 0;                   // measured, never assumed

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  analogReadResolution(12);

  long s = 0;                      // keep the load off while this runs
  for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) { s += analogRead(PIN_ACS); delay(2); }
  vZero = (s / 200.0) * VREF / 4095.0;
}

void loop() {
  long s = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) s += analogRead(PIN_ACS);

  float v    = (s / 64.0) * VREF / 4095.0;
  float amps = (v - vZero) * DIVIDER / SENS;

  Serial.print(amps, 2); Serial.println(" A");
  delay(200);
}

const int   PIN_ACS = A0;          // 5 V board - straight in, no divider
const float VREF    = 5.0;
const float SENS    = 0.185;       // V per A - the 5 A part

float vZero = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);

  long s = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < 200; i++) { s += analogRead(PIN_ACS); delay(2); }
  vZero = (s / 200.0) * VREF / 1023.0;
}

void loop() {
  long s = 0;
  for (int i = 0; i < 64; i++) s += analogRead(PIN_ACS);

  float v    = (s / 64.0) * VREF / 1023.0;
  float amps = (v - vZero) / SENS;

  Serial.print(amps, 2); Serial.println(" A");
  delay(200);
}